I spent many hours searching through hundreds of photos trying to separate them. The photos taken in this blog were all from this past season, primarily within a one month period, after the young Ruby-throats left the nest, and during migration. I wanted to see how many different flowers I captured the hummingbirds at, and this was it for 2019. Although I captured thousands of photos, I managed to capture them at 14 different flowers. These aren't necessarily the best flowers by any means, but it does show you that hummingbirds will go to most flowers, at least to try them out. These are in the time of season when the young are hungry and trying to fatten up for the migration South, and many of these young still had not figured out the hummingbird feeders. All the images captured here are young Rubies, except for the third one, which is Ziggy. I tried to lay them out from worst to first in terms of favorites for hummingbirds, but there are a few that are very close in quality, and in different gardens and times you might find a slight degree of difference as to where they should be positioned in their preferences. 

1. The first image is a Geranium. They are definitely not a favorite, however, young birds that don't know any better will sample everything until they determine the best. 2. Jacob's Ladder is also not a favorite, but does produce an abundance of small bluish/purple flowers over a period of 2 months. 3. Cranesbill/Geranium does attract it's fair share of hummingbirds, and in this case, Ziggy the old timer, visited it fairly often, indicating it has some value. 

4. Callibrachoa/Million Bells will flower profusely throughout the summer, but primarily get the attention of the young birds. 5. Common Fireweed is something that I let grow in my garden, as it provides a good dose of nectar and attraction. 6. Bluebird Clematis is a Spring bloomer before anything else is flowering. It will also produce a not so full bloom later in the season, but enough flowers to certainly get their attention as well, later in Summer.  It's Spring bloom is spectacular!

7. Himalayan Balsam is considered a Noxious week, but I've never found it to grow out of control in my garden. The hummingbirds love it, and play around in it all the time. It's a late season bloomer and contains enough nectar to keep the hummingbirds returning time and again. 8. Salvia of many sorts are a good attraction for hummingbirds. They come in many different colors, but are treated as an annual in the Northern regions where winters will kill them off. 9. Zinnia flowers are what I consider a training flower for the young hummingbirds. They are an easy target, and you'll often times see hummingbirds spiraling in circles around the flower, like a can opener, trying to get the nectar from between the petals. Because of the shape and platform that they provide, hummingbirds will often times be spotted sitting on the flower and just poking around, especially the young birds. 

10. Vining Nasturtiums have a long flute sticking out behind the flower which contains much nectar to the approval of young hummingbirds. 11. Fuchsia flowers are a particularly good flower for nectar, and because of the hanging flowers, the hummingbirds have to feed upward into them. 12. Scarlet runners can produce an abundance of flowers which always get the attention of the young and mature hummingbirds. 

13. Hosta flowers are valuable for hummingbirds and also hang downward, forcing hummingbirds to approach them from the bottom. 14. Delphiniums - I definitely had to place this one at the top of my list. They grown in a wide range of colors, with a white or black center button. These are always a hummingbird magnet above all the others. They are extremely hardy in cold temperatures, and will self seed frequently. I would NEVER plant a hummingbird garden without them. 
     There are, of course, many other flowers that would work, but these are the captures for one season, 2019.

     Right now it's the off season across the continent for hummingbirds, but there is no time like the present to start thinking about the next season. There are a lot of things to consider when building a garden for hummingbirds. 
First of all which flowers are preferred in both annuals and perennials, especially in your climate? Should you have feeders, and how many should you have out? How about water features, or other attractions to bring them in your garden and to keep them around for long periods of time. 
     Well, I'll tell you that the more feeders you have, the more likely hummingbirds will show up and return over and again. They are opportunistic, and if they know there are multiple choices within a localized area, I will guarantee you that once you attract them, they'll not forget your garden. 

Consider your hummingbird garden like a playground for kids. The more attractants the better it is. Don't think that having one pot of flowers will keep them returning, because often times it's not worth the energy consumed to fly to your garden for a limited supply. Multiple pots of flowers(favorites), and many feeders(spread out and not all in one tight congested area), and some other features. Depending on the region, female hummingbirds may have a tough time finding nest building material, so give them a source from your garden. Raw cotton is a brilliant, natural material that hummingbirds and many songbirds love to use for partial or complete construction of their nests. 

     Water features are a must! Birds will spot a puddle, a spritz, a lawn sprinkler, flowing water, still water, or simply put, ANY water. It's a necessity of life! Whether you buy or make your own water supply, just realize that it's a necessary part of any hummingbird garden. 
     In addition to  items listed, add a few other features like hummingbird swings. You can place them near fountains, feeders or flowers that they frequent. They will make use of them, but try to source out some of the more attractive ones with red beads to seriously draw their attention.

     Hummingbirds are really drawn to the color red, or colors very similar in the spectrum, like orange or fuchsia. So if you're looking for attractants, search those closest to these colors. It could be that the color red is most often seen on feeders, so they are triggered by that color, but red works, so use it! In a blog really soon I'll cover flowers and the types that work best, but until then start thinking about hummingbird gardens and how you can build yours. It's only 3 months until they start their northern journey, and by then you can have a plan set out for how you can draw more in and keep them around your garden. 

     The garden began to cool as the sun slipped lower towards the horizon, so we decided to sit in another location in the garden where the warmth of the sun would finish the day.  Delphiniums surrounded us on all sides, and it didn't take long for the young hummingbirds to once again begin their squabbling.  It's always interesting to see the garden from a different viewpoint as you see things that you normally wouldn't.  Delphiniums had grown and leaned towards the back of our garden chairs, while others surrounded us just a few feet away. Then a little dart swooped in, and the humming began.  I could feel a vibration of the hum right behind my head and then a gentle tapping on my back as a young hummingbird pushed enthusiastically into the flowers to get the nectar. It's a time where you don't move or blink, but just soak up the moment to memory.  Then he shifted to the flowers right in front of us.  He, like all the others in the garden, fed vigorously to take in as much nectar as possible before another aggressive bird would move in for an attempted takeover.  He would feed until nearly exhausted, break for a minute or two, then right back to feeding.  We sat as still as possible while I captured numerous shots of him sitting on the fragile little branches and feeding away the sunset.
     Juvenile Ruby-throat hummingbird. N.E. of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. August 8, 2019. 

     For the last few days one lone juvenile Ruby-throat has taken control of our garden since he's had no competition to worry about. He's made the trek to surrounding yards up to 1/2 mile away, but returns quickly to his home base to refuel. His behavior has been different from others due to the fact he had no others to compete with. He's fed when desired, and didn't need to fight for his food. He wasn't vocal because there weren't others to heed the warning. Life just seemed quite easy for him. 
     I thought to my self over the past few days of how he would react if another were to show up. He too is quite young, so I wondered how he'd react since he didn't have the bully behavior taught to him. Would he be possessive of the garden, or would he remain submissive because his anger hasn't been tested yet?
     I thought about the good year we had and then dropped my head in thanks, and with my eyes closed I was interrupted by a sound resembling a card in the bike spokes. I lifted my head and looked around. My movement must have startled a young male that was now about 20 feet away in the Nasturtiums. I knew immediately it was another young male. It only took him about 30 seconds before he flew right back in front of me into the other Nasturtiums. I realized the sound was now this clumsy little fellow fumbling around in the plants. His wings continued to slap the petals of the flowers as he dug deep for the nectar. So many moments made me silently chuckle, and sometimes out loud, as he'd grab hold anywhere possible and fall into the tangled vines of the Nasturtiums. I watched and listened to the high speed flutter of wings slapping his way out of a troubling mess of vines. He wasn't graceful in any way, and certainly eager and pleased to find a garden full of flowers. His vigor made me think that food must have been at a minimum in his travels. 
     I then thought about the other young male. I wondered if he knew of this little intruder? Within seconds instinct kicked in. He came like lightning out of the trees and a chase immediately started. Up and over the trees, and who knows how far they traveled. Within a few minutes the dominant one returned to a feeder. I wondered if the other would be back or if fear sent him packing to a warmer climate. Sure enough, within 15 minutes the newbie came back to the food he knew and once again fumbled in the flowers.
Imaged is the Newbie. He's a young male Ruby-throat. N.E. of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Aug 30, 2019.

     After doing a post the other day on watching hummingbirds migrate, I had a kind lady tell  me I'm connected with hummingbirds and seem to know exactly what they're thinking and doing. 
     I think she's the first one to truly recognize what I try to do. I'm not a great photographer, I'm not a hummingbird expert on all the species, but I consider myself more of a hummingbird behaviorist. If I get good captures, it's only because I understand them enough to attract them, and know what they'll do. I like to understand every detail about why they do what they do, to recognize what certain movements mean, and to know these birds as best as humanly possible. I think it's only when we understand their behaviors, will we be able to accomplish the most in attracting them to our gardens. When we know what they really want, we can stand out among the rest and attract more of them to our yard. I've seen well into the millions of sightings now, and there's nothing that I haven't seen. From feeding to flying, mating to fighting, I have watched every movement time and time again. I've analyzed every twitch, itch and quirk within these birds. I've studied and calculated the time of feeding, nesting and incubating. I've invested 16 - 18 hours a day for 15 years, and watched them arrive in Spring to the time they depart in Summer. After that amount of time, I can tell you that many of their behaviors I've seen countless times. No, I haven't gone to school to learn about these birds, I've gone right to the source and learned from them. I've stumbled upon circumstances, and studied them for over 15,000 hours. I've been taught by them, and given knowledge by the one who made them, to get to the place I'm at. Just like those who have learned a profession, this is what I know. It's not prideful, but passion for something I love. I'm always willing to share what I know with those who ask, and not hide information for greed. Is there more to learn, absolutely! As long as this is the direction I'm intended to go, I'll continue to learn and be entertained by one of the most fascinating creatures on the planet. 
     This young male Ruby-throat got a bit creative in feeding from the Nasturtium. They usually stuff their head inside the flower to get the nectar, but this youngster found a way to get the nectar while cheating his part in pollination. 
August 9, 2019. N.E. of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 

     The morning started off with a fog that was heavy and settled deep into the garden.  There was complete silence as most migrating songbirds had already moved on.  The only thing that appeared to have woken up with the light were a few remaining hummingbirds. Little chasing was going on, but the feeding was regular with resting intervals in between.  They continued to feed until the sun burned away the fog.The signs were obvious every time one would visit the feeder.  The length of feedings extended well beyond the normal times, and the efforts weren't wasted on fighting. They had received their calling and warmer temperatures awaited them an entire continent away. 
     For over a week now I've watched many hummingbirds arrive and depart from our garden, as our regulars became of age to make the journey, and migrants would stop in for a fill-up before moving on. As of August 24th, I had about 6 hummingbirds to start the morning, but watched a couple of them migrate. As they'd leave, another bird was willing to step into its place and claim the unguarded feeder. 
     This female Ruby-throat sat quietly atop the Lilac bush, disguised behind a sagging spider web soaked in fog. It was only a matter of hours before she too would depart. 
​N.E. of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. August 24th, 2019.

     From the moment they spring from the nest, a plan is laid out for each one of them to amuse and entertain thousands of people throughout their lifetime. A vivid story remains in my mind from so many of them that have made our garden home over the last 15 years. From Little Miss, who taught me an incredible amount about their nesting, to the female that made her way through the dense fog, and traveled 10 miles every hour just to gather nectar for her young. Then there's a long line of males that were responsible for producing famous Ziggy, who himself has produced many stories to entertain myself and so many others. And then there are the thousands of young that have shown up with their quirks, squeaks, and antics to constantly produce an abundance of unforgettable moments over the years. 
     This is just my garden, but there are thousands of people across the continent that have experienced moments forever imprinted in their minds. Most hummingbirds have already left my garden, but the memories remain from each and every one that have already produced stories and  each starting a legacy of their own.  
     This young Ruby-throat showed up at first light for a couple mornings. The lack of light made it too difficult to capture it's 5:45 am arrival, but fortunately this youngster made a few more appearances in full daylight for me to capture its shenanigans.
     August 9, 2019. N.E. of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Young Ruby-throat hummingbird.

     I never like to have a young hummingbird show up in my yard and then leave without learning the feeders.  The reason I say this is because when a hummingbird learns a feeder, its drive and desire to return to that same food source increases substantially.  One feeder can contain more nectar than an entire garden, and it's all condensed into one handy little package that's neatly laid out right behind a comfortable perch.  It's like fine dining for hummingbirds.
     After most of our hummingbirds left early on the 17th of August, I didn't really expect to have any more really young birds show up.  Well, it just so happens that one did.  First indication that it was a very young bird was that it spent an enormous amount of time in the flowers.  The feeders were open and obvious but had little effect on him.  After feeding in the flowers for a little while, he did notice the shiny red object hanging above him.  He flew up to it, admired it, and right back into the flowers.  He flew to another cluster of flowers, and after feeding for a lengthy time he noticed another beautiful red object nearby.  He flew up to it with the same reaction, and right back to the flowers again.  The third time was a bit different.  He fed at the flowers, noticed the shiny red object, and once again flew up to it.  I put training feeders around to connect the young birds to the feeders a little bit easier.  This feeder had more realistic flowers instead of the fake looking plastic ones that feeders typically have.  These training flowers looked a little more realistic and enticing.  He still flew up, somewhat cautious, and slowly proceeded to the flower.  He did the quick beak in beak out, and then hesitated for a few seconds while he analyzed the flavor.  At that very moment life would be different forever.  He clumsily grabbed onto the perch, inserted his bill, and drank until he had a nectar migraine. It would be interesting to read his mind over the next 10 minutes.  He drank, pooped, drank, pooped, and continued this for 10 minutes. I kept looking below it to see if my cup was in the line of fire. I couldn't see an expression, but I certainly could see the excitement by his endless indulgence. When he flew, he went to another connecting feeder about 60 feet away.  Those fake plastic flowers on the feeder were no longer an issue.  He connected the nectar to the red bottle immediately.  Now I know that when his time comes to migrate, there's not a chance that he'll pass up another feeder again. 
     Here is just a small bit of evidence he left on the table, very close to my cup. When he left the feeder, I went up to see if my cup runneth over. He did miss it by about 6 inches, but it was evaporating as I captured the image. I would guess this was only half of what he left behind, as he fed there for 10 full minutes. Within a couple more minutes all the evidence disappeared. 
     The proof was in the nectar, and the hummingbird poop was nearly in the cup, but I know for certain he will remain happy as long as he sticks around the garden. 
Young Ruby-throat hummingbird. N.E. of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. August 17th, 2019.